INTELLIGENCE, ADAPTATION, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH: A THEORETICAL REVIEW OF EMOTIONAL, ADAPTIVE, AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

Contemporary social and technological changes place increasing demands on individuals’ ability to adapt to uncertainty, stress, and rapidly changing environmental conditions, highlighting the need to broaden traditional conceptions of intelligence within clinical and health psychology. The aim of the article is to provide a theoretical analysis of classical, emotional, and adaptive intelligence and artificial intelligence, and to identify their conceptual boundaries, interrelationships, and relevance to psychological adaptation and health maintenance. The main areas of analysis include cognitive abilities, emotion regulation, adaptive functioning, coping, and psychological flexibility, as well as the potential of artificial intelligence as a technological resource. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in systematizing current perspectives on different aspects of intellectual and adaptive functioning and in their potential application to the development of approaches to psychological support, stress management, and adaptation. The methodology is based on a theoretical and conceptual analysis of the scientific literature and a comparison of the main approaches to understanding the constructs under consideration. The results of the analysis indicate that classical intelligence primarily reflects cognitive resources; emotional intelligence is associated with the perception, understanding, and regulation of emotions; and adaptive intelligence characterizes the flexible use of cognitive and behavioral resources under changing conditions. Artificial intelligence is fundamentally different from psychological constructs and is considered a technological tool for supporting human activity. A conceptual overlap between adaptive intelligence, coping, and psychological flexibility was identified. The value of the study lies in conceptually distinguishing the four phenomena under consideration and substantiating adaptation as an integrative framework for comparing them within clinical and health psychology.